Highly atherogenic small Type
B LDL particle size is associated with low HDL and mildly elevated triglyceride
levels.
While independent correlations are found between both
triglyceride and HDL and LDL particle size, the correlation between
Triglyceride/HDL ratio and LDL particle size is highly significant
(p<0.0001, r=0.42).
The percentage of type B dense highly atherogenic LDL
particles increases significantly when Trig/HDL ratio > 2. Additionally LDL/HDL ratios < 1.7 are
associated with reduction in plaque size. These ratios are therefore
independent risk factors for atheromatous disease.
In this paper we review the long term effect of three
15-20 minute sessions per week of high intensity interval training together
with optimisation of medical therapy in primary and secondary prevention of
coronary disease.
Clinical, biochemical parameters and the incidence of
further cardiac and non-cardiac events, hospital admission and death over the
period 1984-2013 will be reported.
Patients maintained the improvement of these profiles
over follow up periods in excess of five years and in the case of HDL elevation
significantly improved over time.
In this cohort cardiac readmission rates have been
reduced to 16% over a minimum five years,
patients’ ratios of Trig/LDL < 2.0 and LDL/HDL < 1.7 being 84% and
63% respectively.
A review of the prognostic implications of these ratios
on long term sequelae will be presented
A submission to the recent medicare review unit (based
on the results from this programme) suggesting long term prevention of chronic
disease programmes be transferred from institutions to suitable general practices
appears to have been accepted.